The Government is preparing to table a series of constitutional amendments during a Special Sitting of Parliament scheduled for 30 April 2025.
A statement from the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) relayed that the Council of Ministers (COM) has recently approved four key amendments to the national Constitution — including the introduction of Economic Development Zones (EDZs), formal recognition of only two sexes assigned at birth, a grace period for sitting Prime Ministers, and compulsory voting in referendums.
The most noteworthy amendment, as outlined in the statement, would modify Article 5(i)(k) of the Constitution to allow for the creation of EDZs.
While the original provision protects equal treatment under the law and permits special benefits for vulnerable groups and remote communities, the proposed change would make exceptions specifically for the establishment of these zones.
EDZs, as the government explains, are intended to attract more private investment by offering regulatory and tax advantages in designated areas. South Santo and the north of Efate have already been identified as pilot locations.
The zones are expected to stimulate job creation, boost economic activity, and expand the country’s tax base.
Although similar proposals were briefly discussed in the late 1990s, this is the first time the initiative has progressed to the legislative stage. The government says it is confident in its ability to deliver on the concept this time.
The second amendment approved by COM seeks to define legally recognised sexes in Vanuatu as those assigned at birth — male and female only.
The government justifies this move as being consistent with the vision of the nation’s founding leaders and grounded in Melanesian values and Christian principles.
In a third proposed change, the government wants to introduce a 12-month grace period for any sitting Prime Minister — a reform aimed at improving political stability and continuity. This builds upon earlier reforms to strengthen political parties under Articles 17A and 17B.
The fourth amendment would make it compulsory for all eligible citizens to vote in any future national referendum.
Prime Minister (PM) Jotham Napat is expected to introduce the changes in Parliament later this month, and if passed, the reforms will be taken to the people in a second national referendum, as required under Article 86 of the Constitution.
The government says the referendum will not only test support for the proposed changes, but also serve as a trial for the possible introduction of compulsory voting in future general elections.
